Glutathione S-transferase omega-1

Glutathione S-transferase omega-1 (GSTO1) is a member of the omega-class GST subfamily with distinct enzymatic activities including dehydroascorbate reductase and thiol transferase functions, contributing to cellular antioxidant defence, arsenic biotransformation, and modulation of ryanodine receptor-mediated calcium release. In salivary proteomics, GSTO1 expression reflects the upregulation of antioxidant defence pathways in response to exercise-induced oxidative stress, with its enzymatic activity maintaining glutathione homeostasis in both oral mucosal cells and systemic tissues. Vitorino et al. (2004) characterised the salivary proteome including antioxidant enzymes as a rich source of exercise-related biomarkers.